UnicodeDecodeError : 'ascii'코덱이 위치 13에서 바이트 0xe2를 디코딩 할 수 없습니다.

UnicodeDecodeError : 'ascii'코덱이 위치 13에서 바이트 0xe2를 디코딩 할 수 없습니다.

---

NLTK를 사용하여 각 줄이 문서로 간주되는 텍스트 파일에서 kmeans 클러스터링을 수행하고 있습니다. 예를 들어 내 텍스트 파일은 다음과 같습니다.

belong finger death punch <br>
hasty <br>
mike hasty walls jericho <br>
jägermeister rules <br>
rules bands follow performing jägermeister stage <br>
approach 

이제 실행하려는 데모 코드는 다음과 같습니다.

import sys

import numpy
from nltk.cluster import KMeansClusterer, GAAClusterer, euclidean_distance
import nltk.corpus
from nltk import decorators
import nltk.stem

stemmer_func = nltk.stem.EnglishStemmer().stem
stopwords = set(nltk.corpus.stopwords.words('english'))

@decorators.memoize
def normalize_word(word):
    return stemmer_func(word.lower())

def get_words(titles):
    words = set()
    for title in job_titles:
        for word in title.split():
            words.add(normalize_word(word))
    return list(words)

@decorators.memoize
def vectorspaced(title):
    title_components = [normalize_word(word) for word in title.split()]
    return numpy.array([
        word in title_components and not word in stopwords
        for word in words], numpy.short)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    filename = 'example.txt'
    if len(sys.argv) == 2:
        filename = sys.argv[1]

    with open(filename) as title_file:

        job_titles = [line.strip() for line in title_file.readlines()]

        words = get_words(job_titles)

        # cluster = KMeansClusterer(5, euclidean_distance)
        cluster = GAAClusterer(5)
        cluster.cluster([vectorspaced(title) for title in job_titles if title])

        # NOTE: This is inefficient, cluster.classify should really just be
        # called when you are classifying previously unseen examples!
        classified_examples = [
                cluster.classify(vectorspaced(title)) for title in job_titles
            ]

        for cluster_id, title in sorted(zip(classified_examples, job_titles)):
            print cluster_id, title

( 여기 에서도 찾을 수 있습니다 )

내가받는 오류는 다음과 같습니다.

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "cluster_example.py", line 40, in
words = get_words(job_titles)
File "cluster_example.py", line 20, in get_words
words.add(normalize_word(word))
File "", line 1, in
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nltk/decorators.py", line 183, in memoize
result = func(*args)
File "cluster_example.py", line 14, in normalize_word
return stemmer_func(word.lower())
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nltk/stem/snowball.py", line 694, in stem
word = (word.replace(u"\u2019", u"\x27")
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe2 in position 13: ordinal not in range(128)

여기서 무슨 일이 일어나고 있습니까?

---

파일이 strs 로 읽혀지고 있지만 unicodes 여야합니다 . 파이썬은 암시 적으로 변환하려고하지만 실패합니다. 변화:

job_titles = [line.strip() for line in title_file.readlines()]

strs 를 명시 적으로 디코딩하려면 unicode(여기서는 UTF-8이라고 가정) :

job_titles = [line.decode('utf-8').strip() for line in title_file.readlines()]

또한 수입에 의해 해결 될 수 모듈 및 사용하여 내장보다는 .codecscodecs.openopen

---

이것은 나를 위해 잘 작동합니다.

f = open(file_path, 'r+', encoding="utf-8")

You can add a third parameter encoding to ensure the encoding type is 'utf-8'

Note: this method works fine in Python3, I did not try it in Python2.7.

---

You can try this also:

import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

---

For me there was a problem with the terminal encoding. Adding UTF-8 to .bashrc solved the problem:

export LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8

Don't forget to reload .bashrc afterwards:

source ~/.bashrc

---

When on Ubuntu 18.04 using Python3.6 I have solved the problem doing both:

with open(filename, encoding="utf-8") as lines:

and if you are running the tool as command line:

export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8

Note that if you are in Python2.7 you have do to handle this differently. First you have to set the default encoding:

import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

and then to load the file you must use io.open to set the encoding:

import io
with io.open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as lines:

You still need to export the env

export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8

---

To find ANY and ALL unicode error related... Using the following command:

grep -r -P '[^\x00-\x7f]' /etc/apache2 /etc/letsencrypt /etc/nginx

Found mine in

/etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf:        # The following CSP directives don't use default-src as 

Using shed, I found the offending sequence. It turned out to be an editor mistake.

00008099:     C2  194 302 11000010
00008100:     A0  160 240 10100000
00008101:  d  64  100 144 01100100
00008102:  e  65  101 145 01100101
00008103:  f  66  102 146 01100110
00008104:  a  61  097 141 01100001
00008105:  u  75  117 165 01110101
00008106:  l  6C  108 154 01101100
00008107:  t  74  116 164 01110100
00008108:  -  2D  045 055 00101101
00008109:  s  73  115 163 01110011
00008110:  r  72  114 162 01110010
00008111:  c  63  099 143 01100011
00008112:     C2  194 302 11000010
00008113:     A0  160 240 10100000

---

You can try this before using job_titles string:

source = unicode(job_titles, 'utf-8')

---

For python 3, the default encoding would be "utf-8". Following steps are suggested in the base documentation:https://docs.python.org/2/library/csv.html#csv-examples in case of any problem

1. Create a function

   def utf_8_encoder(unicode_csv_data):
       for line in unicode_csv_data:
           yield line.encode('utf-8')
   

2. Then use the function inside the reader, for e.g.

   csv_reader = csv.reader(utf_8_encoder(unicode_csv_data))
   

---

python3x or higher

1. load file in byte stream:

   body = '' for lines in open('website/index.html','rb'): decodedLine = lines.decode('utf-8') body = body+decodedLine.strip() return body

2. use global setting:

   import io import sys sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(sys.stdout.buffer,encoding='utf-8')

---

Use open(fn, 'rb').read().decode('utf-8') instead of just open(fn).read()

참고URL : https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18649512/unicodedecodeerror-ascii-codec-cant-decode-byte-0xe2-in-position-13-ordinal